Erythema nodosum (EN) (red nodules) is an inflammation of the fat cells under the skin (panniculitis) characterized by tender red nodules or lumps that are usually seen on both shins. EN is an immunologic response to a variety of different causes.
Causes
In about 30-50% of cases, the cause of EN is unknown.
EN may be associated with a wide variety of diseases, including infections (e.g., hepatitis C, tuberculosis, streptococcal, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Yersinia, and Epstein-Barr virus), Coccidioides immitis, sarcoidosis, autoimmune disorders (e.g., Inflammatory bowel disease or Behçet's disease), pregnancy, medications (sulfonamides, oral contraceptives, bromides), and cancer.
There is an association with the HLA-B27 histocompatibility antigen, which is present in 65% of patients with erythma nodosum.
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