Neutrophils migrate from blood vessels to the inflamed tissue via chemotaxis, where they remove pathogens through phagocytosis and degranulation
Acute inflammation is a short-term process, usually appearing within a few minutes or hours and ceasing upon the removal of the injurious stimulus. It is characterized by five cardinal signs:
The acronym that may be used for this is "PRISH" for Pain, Redness, Immobility (loss of function), Swelling and Heat
The first four (classical signs) were described by Celsus (ca 30 BC–38 AD), while loss of function was added later by Galen
Redness and heat are due to increased blood flow at body core temperature to the inflamed site; swelling is caused by accumulation of fluid; pain is due to release of chemicals that stimulate nerve endings. Loss of function has multiple causes
| English | Latin | |
|---|---|---|
| Rubor | ||
| Swelling | Tumor | |
| Heat | Calor | |
| Pain | Dolor | |
| Loss of function | Functio laesa | |
| All the above signs may be observed in specific instances, but no single sign must, as a matter of course, be present.
These are the original, or "cardinal signs" of inflammation.
Functio laesa is an apocryphal notion, as it is not unique to inflammation and is a characteristic of many disease states.
| ||
No comments:
Post a Comment