Thyroid peroxidase or thyroperoxidase (TPO) is an enzyme expressed mainly in the thyroid that liberates iodine for addition onto tyrosine residues on thyroglobulin for the production of thyroxine (T4) ortriiodothyronine (T3), thyroid hormones. In humans, thyroperoxidase is encoded by the TPO gene.
Thyroid peroxidase is a frequent epitope of autoantibodies in autoimmune thyroid disease, with such antibodies being called anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO antibodies).
| THYROID ANTIBODY | ACRONYM | PRESENT IN | WHEN ORDERED | OTHER FACTS |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thyroid peroxidase antibody | TPOAb | Hashimoto thyroiditis;Graves disease | When patient has symptoms suggesting hypothyroidism; when considering starting a patient on a drug therapy that has associated risks of developing hypothyroidism when thyroid peroxidase antibodies are present, such as lithium, amiodarone, interferon alpha, or interleukin-2 | Has been associated with reproductive difficulties, such as miscarriage,preeclampsia, premature delivery, and in-vitro fertilization failure |
| Thyroglobulin antibody | TgAb | Thyroid cancer; Hashimoto thyroiditis | Whenever a thyroglobulin test is performed to see if the antibody is present and likely to be interfering with the test results; since the thyroglobulin test will be ordered at regular intervals after thyroid cancer treatment, thyroglobulin antibody will also be ordered at regular intervals | |
| Thyroid stimulating hormone receptor antibody | TRAb | Graves disease | When patient has symptoms of hyperthyroidism; to monitor effectiveness of anti-thyroid therapy |
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